{"id":107746,"date":"2024-10-17T07:24:06","date_gmt":"2024-10-17T07:24:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/?p=107746"},"modified":"2024-10-17T07:24:06","modified_gmt":"2024-10-17T07:24:06","slug":"sinirsiz-jeotermal-enerji-icin-tarihi-gelisme-ultra-derinlere-inmek-mumkun","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/2024\/10\/17\/sinirsiz-jeotermal-enerji-icin-tarihi-gelisme-ultra-derinlere-inmek-mumkun\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z jeotermal enerji i\u00e7in tarihi geli\u015fme: Ultra derinlere inmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn!"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/span> \u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fiyle m\u00fccadelede en b\u00fcy\u00fck umutlardan biri olan jeotermal enerji<\/strong>, yeni teknolojilerle daha eri\u015filebilir hale gelebilir. \u0130svi\u00e7re merkezli EPFL<\/strong>‘nin (\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne) Deneysel Kaya Mekani\u011fi Laboratuvar\u0131 (LEMR), d\u00fcnyan\u0131n derinliklerindeki y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda bile kaya\u00e7lar\u0131n k\u0131r\u0131labilece\u011fini ve bu sayede suyun ge\u00e7i\u015fine olanak tan\u0131nabilece\u011fini g\u00f6sterdi. Bu, s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z enerjiye a\u00e7\u0131lan bir kap\u0131<\/strong> olabilir. <\/figure>\n

\u0130nan\u0131lmaz bir potansiyel var<\/b><\/p>\n

Jeotermal enerji, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n derinliklerindeki s\u0131cakl\u0131ktan faydalanarak enerji \u00fcretimini m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lan bir teknoloji. Y\u00fczeye yak\u0131n volkanik b\u00f6lgelerde s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131labilen bu enerji kayna\u011f\u0131, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde yaln\u0131zca belirli yerlerde aktif olarak kullan\u0131labiliyor. Ancak teorik olarak, d\u00fcnya y\u00fczeyinin kilometrelerce alt\u0131ndaki s\u0131cak kaya\u00e7lara ula\u015f\u0131labilirse, bu enerji kayna\u011f\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z bir potansiyele sahip. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu derinliklerdeki su, 400\u00b0C<\/strong>‘nin \u00fczerinde “s\u00fcperkritik<\/strong>” hale geliyor ve hem s\u0131v\u0131 hem de gaz gibi davranarak enerji verimini 10 kat art\u0131r\u0131yor<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

<\/span> EPFL’nin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 son \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, bu s\u0131cak kaya\u00e7lar\u0131n k\u0131r\u0131labilir oldu\u011funu ve suyun bu b\u00f6lgelerde dola\u015fabilece\u011fini g\u00f6stererek, bu teknolojinin \u00f6n\u00fcndeki en b\u00fcy\u00fck engellerden birini ortadan kald\u0131rmay\u0131 ama\u00e7l\u0131yor. <\/figure>\n

Ancak bu enerji kayna\u011f\u0131na ula\u015fmak, m\u00fchendislik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck bir meydan okuma. Bug\u00fcne kadar d\u00fcnya rekoru olan 12 kilometrelik Kola sondaj deli\u011fi bile bu derinliklere ula\u015fmakta yetersiz kalm\u0131\u015f durumda. E\u011fer bu ultra derinliklere inilirse gezegenin hemen her yerinde jeotermal santraller kurabilmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn<\/strong>. EPFL’nin \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck etti\u011fi yeni laboratuvar \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ise, bu derinliklerdeki kaya\u00e7lar\u0131n k\u0131r\u0131labilece\u011fini g\u00f6steren deneyler ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiriyor. Ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda yer alan Gabriel Meyer, bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n s\u00fcperkritik derinliklerde bile suyun kaya\u00e7lar aras\u0131nda dola\u015fabilece\u011fini kan\u0131tlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtiyor.<\/p>\n

\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fclmesi gereken sorunlar da fazla<\/b><\/p>\n

Geleneksel y\u00f6ntemlere g\u00f6re jeotermal enerjiden daha fazla verim elde etmenin en etkili yollar\u0131ndan biri, yer alt\u0131ndaki kayalar\u0131 k\u0131rarak s\u0131cak suyun ge\u00e7i\u015fine izin vermek. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m, petrol ve do\u011fal gaz end\u00fcstrisinde kullan\u0131lan y\u00f6ntemlere \u00e7ok\u00e7a benziyor. Daha \u00f6nce haberlerimize ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z Fervo Energy<\/strong>, bu yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n bir jeotermal tesiste ne kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck bir fark yaratabilece\u011fini zaten g\u00f6sterdi.<\/p>\n

Ancak bu y\u00f6ntem, enerji verimlili\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan olduk\u00e7a umut verici g\u00f6r\u00fcnse de, yerin 10 kilometre alt\u0131ndaki kayalar\u0131n davran\u0131\u015f \u015fekli hala b\u00fcy\u00fck bir soru i\u015faretiydi<\/strong>. Y\u00fczeye yak\u0131n derinliklerde sert ve k\u0131r\u0131lgan olan kaya\u00e7lar, derinlere inildik\u00e7e yumu\u015fak ve hafif eriyik plastik bir hale geliyor<\/strong>. Bu da, bu derinliklerde k\u0131r\u0131lmalar\u0131n ve su dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorusunu beraberinde getiriyordu.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fte bu sorular, \u0130svi\u00e7re\u2019deki EPFL ekibi buraya bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm getiriyor. Gabriel Meyer liderli\u011findeki ara\u015ft\u0131rma ekibi, laboratuvar ortam\u0131nda y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7 ve s\u0131cakl\u0131k <\/strong>ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 yeniden olu\u015fturarak, kayalar\u0131n nas\u0131l davrand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zlemledi. Bu g\u00f6zlemler, 10 kilometre derinli\u011fe yakla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kayalar\u0131n sertli\u011fini yitirip karamel gibi yumu\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n olduk\u00e7a karma\u015f\u0131k bir hal ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n

<\/span> EPFL ekibinin geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi yenilik\u00e7i laboratuvar cihazlar\u0131 ve bilgisayar sim\u00fclasyonlar\u0131 sayesinde, bu derinlikteki kaya\u00e7lar\u0131n su dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131na izin verebilece\u011fi <\/strong>ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Bu yumu\u015fak kaya\u00e7lar, normalde sert ve k\u0131r\u0131lgan olmad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in suyun dola\u015fmas\u0131na engel olacak gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnse de ara\u015ft\u0131rma ekibi, bu kayalar\u0131n belirli ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda k\u0131r\u0131larak <\/strong>suyun ge\u00e7i\u015fine olanak sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffetti. Bu da baz\u0131 sofistike derin \u00e7atlatma teknolojileriyle \u00e7ok ciddi jeotermal santraller in\u015fa etmenin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olabilece\u011fi anlam\u0131na geliyor. <\/figure>\n

Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma Fervo Energy<\/strong> ve asl\u0131nda s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z enerji i\u00e7in D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n kabu\u011funu \u201cgyrotron\u201d ile delmeyi hedefleyen Quaise Energy <\/strong>i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yor. E\u011fer bu \u015firketler ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olur ve bu t\u00fcr bir enerji santralini geni\u015f \u00f6l\u00e7ekte piyasaya sunmay\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131rlarsa, insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n s\u00fcregelen enerji ihtiyac\u0131 bir sorun olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n

Kaynak\u00a0 :\u00a0https:\/\/www.donanimhaber.com\/sinirsiz-jeotermal-enerji-icin-tarihi-bir-gelisme-yasandi–183159<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fiyle m\u00fccadelede en b\u00fcy\u00fck umutlardan biri olan jeotermal enerji, yeni teknolojilerle daha eri\u015filebilir hale gelebilir. \u0130svi\u00e7re merkezli EPFL’nin (\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne) Deneysel Kaya Mekani\u011fi Laboratuvar\u0131 (LEMR …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":107747,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[3302,79,2482,630,1248],"class_list":["post-107746","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-teknoloji","tag-derin","tag-enerji","tag-jeotermal","tag-kaya","tag-sicak"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/107746","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=107746"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/107746\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":107751,"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/107746\/revisions\/107751"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/107747"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=107746"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=107746"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=107746"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}