{"id":74653,"date":"2024-08-02T10:48:07","date_gmt":"2024-08-02T10:48:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/?p=74653"},"modified":"2024-08-02T10:48:07","modified_gmt":"2024-08-02T10:48:07","slug":"fuzyon-enerjisinde-tarihi-basari-greenwald-limitinin-10-katina-ulasildi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/2024\/08\/02\/fuzyon-enerjisinde-tarihi-basari-greenwald-limitinin-10-katina-ulasildi\/","title":{"rendered":"F\u00fczyon enerjisinde tarihi ba\u015far\u0131: Greenwald limitinin 10 kat\u0131na ula\u015f\u0131ld\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/span> E\u011fer net-pozitif f\u00fczyon enerjisi<\/strong> elde edilecekse bunun i\u00e7in \u00f6ncelikle y\u00fcksek yo\u011funlu\u011fa ula\u015fmak gerekiyor. Zira ne kadar \u00e7ok atom \u00e7ekirde\u011fi birbirine \u00e7arparsa, reaksiyon o kadar verimli olmakta. Yakla\u015f\u0131k 40 y\u0131l \u00f6nce Martin Greenwald, tokamak plazmalar\u0131n\u0131n karars\u0131z hale geldi\u011fi bir yo\u011funluk s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 tespit etmi\u015f bu, Greenwald limiti<\/strong> olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. On y\u0131llar boyunca bu s\u0131n\u0131r, en iyi ihtimalle iki kat a\u015f\u0131ld\u0131. Ancak \u015fimdi fizik\u00e7iler, Greenwald limitinin 10 kat\u0131nda kararl\u0131<\/strong> olan bir tokamak<\/strong> plazmas\u0131 \u00fcretmeyi ba\u015fararak tarihi bir i\u015fe imza att\u0131lar. <\/figure>\n

F\u00fczyonda bir e\u015fi\u011fe daha ula\u015f\u0131ld\u0131<\/b><\/p>\n

<\/span> Son y\u0131llarda f\u00fczyon enerjisinde daha \u00f6nce hi\u00e7 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadar tarihi geli\u015fmeler ya\u015fan\u0131yor. Wisconsin-Madison \u00dcniversitesi’ndeki fizik\u00e7ilerin Greenwald limitinin 10 kat\u0131nda kararl\u0131<\/strong> olan bir tokamak plazmas\u0131<\/strong> \u00fcretmeyi ba\u015farm\u0131\u015f olmalar\u0131 da bir ba\u015fka tarihi ba\u015far\u0131. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, Greenwald limitinin \u00e7ok \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilen bu ola\u011fand\u0131\u015f\u0131 kabiliyeti ke\u015ffetmenin, f\u00fczyon \u00fcretimini art\u0131rmak <\/strong>ve makine hasar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek<\/strong> i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funa dikkat \u00e7ekiyor. <\/figure>\n
<\/span> Bilim insanlar\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131m\u0131 tokamak cihazlar \u00f6zelinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi. Bilmeyenler i\u00e7in, tokamak, plazmay\u0131 manyetik alanla hapsederek n\u00fckleer f\u00fczyon i\u00e7in gerekli ko\u015fullar\u0131 sa\u011flayan halka \u015feklinde toroidal cihazd\u0131r. Bu \u00e7\u00f6rek \u015feklindeki cihazlar, f\u00fczyon i\u00e7in gereken y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131k ve yo\u011funlu\u011fa ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in gerekli olan plazmay\u0131 hapsetmede ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz f\u00fczyon \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda \u00f6ncelikli olarak tercih ediliyor. <\/figure>\n

Ancak bu tasar\u0131m ayn\u0131 zamanda plazmada karars\u0131zl\u0131klara da yol a\u00e7abiliyor: yo\u011funlu\u011fu artt\u0131k\u00e7a, plazma daha t\u00fcrb\u00fclansl\u0131 hale geliyor ve plazman\u0131n t\u00fcm enerjisini duvara vermesine ve so\u011fumas\u0131na neden oluyor.\u00a0Ara\u015ft\u0131rma ekibi Madison Symmetric Torus<\/strong> ya da MST <\/strong>ad\u0131nda bir t\u00fcr tokamak cihaz\u0131n\u0131 kulland\u0131. Wisconsin \u00dcniversitesi’ne g\u00f6re, di\u011fer tokamaklardan farkl\u0131 olarak MST plazmalar\u0131n\u0131 bar\u0131nd\u0131ran metal halka kal\u0131n ve olduk\u00e7a iletken<\/strong>, bu da daha kararl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya izin veriyor.<\/p>\n

Nas\u0131l yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kesin olarak bilmiyorlar<\/b><\/p>\n

<\/span> Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar elde ettikleri sonu\u00e7lardan emin olsalar da bu sonucun beklenmedik oldu\u011funu<\/strong> s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. Ekip, MST\u2019nin di\u011fer tokamaklara g\u00f6re farkl\u0131 y\u00f6nlerini belirlemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Bilindi\u011fi gibi MST, di\u011ferlerinden \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00e7o\u011fu tokamaktan daha kal\u0131n bir duvara sahip. Ayr\u0131ca \u00e7o\u011fu tokamak daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck diren\u00e7li plazmalar \u00fcretiyor, bu nedenle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak i\u00e7in bizim yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z gibi bu b\u00fcy\u00fck voltajlara ihtiya\u00e7 duymuyorlar. <\/figure>\n

Bununla birlikte ara\u015ft\u0131rma ekibi, sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 konusunda da ihtiyatl\u0131 davran\u0131yor. Bilim insanlar\u0131, elde ettikleri sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck manyetik alanl\u0131, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131kl\u0131 bir plazmada elde edildi\u011fine dikkat \u00e7ekiyor. Yine bunu yapan ilk ki\u015filer onlar ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara devam ederek \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fi b\u00fcy\u00fctmek istiyorlar.<\/p>\n

Greenwald limiti nedir?<\/b><\/p>\n

<\/span> Greenwald limiti, spesifik olarak plazma bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131n manyetik alan bas\u0131nc\u0131na oran\u0131 ile ilgili bir durum. Ad\u0131n\u0131 fizik\u00e7i Martin Greenwald’dan alan Greenwald limiti, manyetik olarak hapsedilmi\u015f bir f\u00fczyon plazmas\u0131 boyunca s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilecek maksimum bas\u0131n\u00e7 miktar\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mlayan kritik bir e\u015fi\u011fi ifade ediyor. <\/figure>\n

F\u00fczyon reaksiyonunda plazma bas\u0131nc\u0131, manyetik alan bas\u0131nc\u0131nda belirli bir e\u015fi\u011fi a\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda tokamak i\u00e7erisinde plazman\u0131n muhafaza edilmesi ve reaksiyonun ilerletilmesi bozuluyor veya karars\u0131zl\u0131klara sebebiyet veriyor. Ayr\u0131ca bu limitin a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131, tokamak’\u0131n kendisine de b\u00fcy\u00fck zararlar verebilir.<\/p>\n

Daha \u00f6nceki haberlerimizde aktard\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z gibi, tokamak\u2019lar ve stellarator gibi n\u00fckleer f\u00fczyon reakt\u00f6rlerinde ama\u00e7, f\u00fczyon reaksiyonlar\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015febilece\u011fi ve b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarlarda enerji \u00fcretilebilece\u011fi ko\u015fullara ula\u015fmak ve bu ko\u015fullar\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilmektir. Buradaki en \u00f6nemli zorluklardan biri, f\u00fczyon i\u00e7in gerekli olan a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 s\u0131cak plazmay\u0131 kontrol etmek ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir halde tutmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n

Kaynak\u00a0 :\u00a0https:\/\/www.donanimhaber.com\/fuzyon-enerjisinde-greenwald-limitinin-10-katina-ulasildi–180162<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

E\u011fer net-pozitif f\u00fczyon enerjisi elde edilecekse bunun i\u00e7in \u00f6ncelikle y\u00fcksek yo\u011funlu\u011fa ula\u015fmak gerekiyor. Zira ne kadar \u00e7ok atom \u00e7ekirde\u011fi birbirine \u00e7arparsa, reaksiyon o kadar verimli olmakta. Yakla\u015f\u0131k 40 y\u0131l \u00f6nce Martin Greenwald, tokamak …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":74654,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[170,227,1389,3003,2473],"class_list":["post-74653","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-teknoloji","tag-alan","tag-arastirma","tag-fuzyon","tag-plazma","tag-tokamak"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/74653","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=74653"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/74653\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":74660,"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/74653\/revisions\/74660"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/74654"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=74653"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=74653"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=74653"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}