{"id":83214,"date":"2024-08-19T05:36:08","date_gmt":"2024-08-19T05:36:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/?p=83214"},"modified":"2024-08-19T05:36:08","modified_gmt":"2024-08-19T05:36:08","slug":"mekanizmanin-detaylari-ayin-ince-bir-atmosferi-var-ve-bunu-meteorlara-borclu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/2024\/08\/19\/mekanizmanin-detaylari-ayin-ince-bir-atmosferi-var-ve-bunu-meteorlara-borclu\/","title":{"rendered":"Mekanizman\u0131n detaylar\u0131: Ay\u2019\u0131n ince bir atmosferi var ve bunu meteorlara bor\u00e7lu"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/span> Ay<\/strong>, y\u00fczy\u0131llard\u0131r insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ilgisini \u00e7eken g\u00f6k cisimlerinden biri oldu ve olmaya da devam ediyor. Ancak, Ay\u2019\u0131n y\u00fczeyindeki izlerin ard\u0131nda sakl\u0131 kalan ba\u015fka bir hik\u00e2ye daha var: Ay\u2019\u0131n son derece ince olan atmosferi<\/strong>. Peki, bu ince atmosferin arkas\u0131ndaki s\u0131r ne? Bilim insanlar\u0131, Ay\u2019\u0131n atmosferini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmesinde en b\u00fcy\u00fck rol\u00fc meteor \u00e7arpmalar\u0131n\u0131n <\/strong>oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor. <\/figure>\n

Ay, 4.5 milyar y\u0131ll\u0131k tarihi boyunca uzaydan gelen meteorlar\u0131n bombard\u0131man\u0131na maruz kald\u0131 ve muhtemelen kalmaya da devam ediyor. MIT <\/strong>ve Chicago \u00dcniversitesi<\/strong>\u2019nden ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, Apollo misyonlar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda astronotlar taraf\u0131ndan toplanan Ay topra\u011f\u0131 \u00f6rneklerinin, bu meteor \u00e7arpmalar\u0131n\u0131n Ay\u2019\u0131n atmosferine s\u00fcrekli bir atom ak\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/strong> sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koydu\u011funu belirtiyor. Bu atomlar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131 uzaya ka\u00e7arken, baz\u0131lar\u0131 y\u00fczeye geri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor ve kalanlar Ay\u2019\u0131n ince atmosferini olu\u015fturuyor. Bu ince atmosfer, meteor \u00e7arpmalar\u0131 devam ettik\u00e7e s\u00fcrekli olarak yenileniyor<\/strong>. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, uzun vadede mikrometeorit \u00e7arpma buharla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n, Ay\u2019\u0131n atmosferindeki atomlar\u0131n birincil kayna\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011funu ifade ediyorlar. Ay\u2019\u0131n bu ince atmosferine ise ekzosfer<\/strong> ad\u0131 veriliyor.<\/p>\n

NASA\u2019n\u0131n LADEE g\u00f6revi<\/b><\/p>\n

NASA\u2019n\u0131n 2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ay\u2019a g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi LADEE (Ay Atmosferi ve Toz Ortam\u0131 Ka\u015fifi) arac\u0131, Ay\u2019\u0131n atmosferinin k\u00f6kenini anlamak amac\u0131yla g\u00f6nderilmi\u015fti. LADEE, meteor ya\u011fmurlar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda atmosferde daha fazla atom g\u00f6zlemledi ve bu durum, \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n atmosferin olu\u015fumunda rol oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcrd\u00fc. Ancak, bu g\u00f6zlemler mekanizman\u0131n tam olarak nas\u0131l i\u015fledi\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klayamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

<\/span> \u015eimdi ise MIT ve Chicago \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma ekibi, Ay topra\u011f\u0131ndaki elementlerin izotoplar\u0131n\u0131 analiz ederek bu mekanizmay\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Potasyum<\/strong> ve rubidyum<\/strong> elementleri<\/strong> \u00fczerine yo\u011funla\u015fan ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, bu elementlerin mikrometeorit \u00e7arpmalar\u0131n\u0131n etkilerine en hassas olanlar oldu\u011funu belirledi. Bu elementler, \u00e7arpma buharla\u015fmas\u0131 ve iyon p\u00fcsk\u00fcrtmesi olarak bilinen iki s\u00fcre\u00e7ten etkileniyordu. <\/figure>\n

\u00c7arpma buharla\u015fmas\u0131<\/strong>, y\u00fcksek h\u0131zda \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fan par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck miktarda \u0131s\u0131 \u00fcreterek atomlar\u0131 buharla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131p onlar\u0131 atmosfere g\u00f6ndermesi olarak tan\u0131mlanabilir. \u0130yon p\u00fcsk\u00fcrtmesi <\/strong>ise y\u00fcksek enerjili \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n atomlar\u0131 buharla\u015fmadan serbest b\u0131rakmas\u0131 anlam\u0131na geliyor. \u0130yon p\u00fcsk\u00fcrtmesiyle serbest kalan atomlar, \u00e7arpma buharla\u015fmas\u0131yla serbest kalanlardan daha fazla enerjiye sahip oluyor ve genellikle daha h\u0131zl\u0131 hareket ediyor. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lara g\u00f6re bu s\u00fcre\u00e7lerin her ikisi de meteor \u00e7arpmalar\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan Ay\u2019\u0131n atmosferini olu\u015fturabilir ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilir.<\/p>\n

Ancak, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, atmosferdeki atomlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funun neden \u00e7arpma buharla\u015fmas\u0131ndan geldi\u011fini merak etti.<\/p>\n

Atmosferden ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f<\/b><\/p>\n

<\/span> NASA taraf\u0131ndan sa\u011flanan Ay topra\u011f\u0131 \u00f6rnekleri \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan hesaplamalar, hangi \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcrecinin farkl\u0131 izotoplar\u0131 atmosferde tutma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n daha y\u00fcksek oldu\u011funu belirlemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131ld\u0131. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar, iyon p\u00fcsk\u00fcrtmesiyle atmosfere transfer edilen atomlar\u0131n, y\u00fcksek enerjileri nedeniyle s\u0131k s\u0131k Ay\u2019\u0131n zay\u0131f yer\u00e7ekiminden ka\u00e7arak uzaya do\u011fru ilerledi\u011fini ortaya koydu. <\/figure>\n

\u00c7arpma buharla\u015fmas\u0131 sonucu atmosfere giren atomlar\u0131n ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f h\u0131z\u0131na ula\u015fma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu atomlar\u0131n s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131. \u00c7arpma buharla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck enerji seviyeleri, atomlar\u0131n daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131klara sahip olmas\u0131na ve ka\u00e7ma olas\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n azalmas\u0131na neden oluyor. Bu nedenle, Ay atmosferinin uzun vadede en \u00f6nemli kayna\u011f\u0131 \u00e7arpma buharla\u015fmas<\/strong>\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Ve bu s\u00fcrecin atmosferdeki potasyum atomlar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 65\u2019inden fazlas\u0131n\u0131<\/strong> sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtiliyor.<\/p>\n

\u00d6te yandan atomlar\u0131n Ay atmosferinden ka\u00e7mas\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fka yollar\u0131 da var. Ekzosferde kalma e\u011filiminde olanlar \u00e7o\u011funlukla daha hafif iyonlar oldu\u011fundan a\u011f\u0131r olanlar genellikle y\u00fczeye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor. Di\u011ferleri ise G\u00fcne\u015f r\u00fczgar\u0131ndan gelen elektromanyetik radyasyonla fotoiyonize olarak uzaya sa\u00e7\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Ay topra\u011f\u0131ndan \u00f6\u011frendiklerimiz, di\u011fer g\u00f6k cisimlerinin incelenmesinde de yol g\u00f6sterici olabilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, \u00e7arpma buharla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n, Ay\u2019dan daha ince bir atmosfere sahip olan Merk\u00fcr\u2019\u00fcn eksosferine de atomlar g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi tespit edilmi\u015fti. Gelecekte D\u00fcnya\u2019ya ula\u015fmas\u0131 beklenen Mars topra\u011f\u0131 \u00f6rnekleri de, meteor \u00e7arpmalar\u0131n\u0131n Mars atmosferini nas\u0131l etkiledi\u011fi konusunda daha fazla bilgi sa\u011flayabilir. \u0130nsanl\u0131 Ay g\u00f6revlerinde yeni bir d\u00f6neme yakla\u015f\u0131rken g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fe g\u00f6re Ay\u2019\u0131n atmosferi hakk\u0131nda bizlere s\u00f6yleyecek daha \u00e7ok \u015feyi var.<\/p>\n\n

Kaynak\u00a0 :\u00a0https:\/\/www.donanimhaber.com\/ay-in-ince-bir-atmosferi-var-ve-bunu-meteorlara-borclu–180836<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ay, y\u00fczy\u0131llard\u0131r insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ilgisini \u00e7eken g\u00f6k cisimlerinden biri oldu ve olmaya da devam ediyor. Ancak, Ay\u2019\u0131n y\u00fczeyindeki izlerin ard\u0131nda sakl\u0131 kalan ba\u015fka bir hik\u00e2ye daha var: Ay\u2019\u0131n son derece ince olan atmosferi. Peki, bu ince atmosferin …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":83215,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[227,5110,4079,1378,2637],"class_list":["post-83214","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-teknoloji","tag-arastirma","tag-atmosferin","tag-atom","tag-ince","tag-iyon"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/83214","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=83214"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/83214\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":83219,"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/83214\/revisions\/83219"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/83215"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=83214"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=83214"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=83214"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}