{"id":96723,"date":"2024-09-26T09:00:12","date_gmt":"2024-09-26T09:00:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/?p=96723"},"modified":"2024-09-26T09:00:12","modified_gmt":"2024-09-26T09:00:12","slug":"bilim-insanlari-yeni-kan-gurubu-kesfetti-mal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/2024\/09\/26\/bilim-insanlari-yeni-kan-gurubu-kesfetti-mal\/","title":{"rendered":"Bilim insanlar\u0131 yeni kan gurubu ke\u015ffetti: \u201cMAL\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><figure> <span> <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/bilim-insanlari-yeni-kan-gurubu-kesfetti-mal-0-zqCLY289.jpg\"\/> <\/span> T\u0131p d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda heyecan uyand\u0131ran bir geli\u015fmeyle, \u0130ngiltere Ulusal Sa\u011fl\u0131k Servisi (NHS) Kan ve Organ Nakli (NHSBT) ve Bristol \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, yeni bir kan grubu sistemi olan &#8220;<strong>MAL<\/strong>&#8220;i ke\u015ffetti. Bu bulu\u015f, 1972 y\u0131l\u0131nda ilk kez tan\u0131mlanan <strong>AnWj<\/strong> kan grubu antijenine dair 50 y\u0131ll\u0131k gizemi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcyor. NHSBT\u2019den k\u0131demli bilim insan\u0131 Louise Tilley\u2019nin \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck etti\u011fi ekip, AnWj antijenine sahip olmayan bireyleri tespit etmek i\u00e7in bir genetik test geli\u015ftirdi. Bu test, nadir hastalar\u0131n tedavisini iyile\u015ftirmeyi ve uyumlu kan ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 bulmay\u0131 ama\u00e7l\u0131yor. <\/figure>\n<p><b>Yeni kan gurubu: MAL<\/b><\/p>\n<p>1972 y\u0131l\u0131nda ke\u015ffedilen AnWj antijeni, o zamandan beri bilim insanlar\u0131n\u0131n dikkatini \u00e7eken bir gizemdi. Ancak bu antijenin molek\u00fcler yap\u0131s\u0131 ve genetik ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131klanamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Son yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, AnWj antijeninin MAL geni ile olan ili\u015fkisini ortaya \u00e7\u0131kararak bu gizemi \u00e7\u00f6zd\u00fc. B\u00f6ylece MAL kan grubu sistemi olu\u015fturuldu ve bu yeni bilgi, kan nakli gibi hayati s\u00fcre\u00e7lerde \u00f6nemli bir ad\u0131m olarak kabul ediliyor.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6te yandan NHSBT\u2019nin d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda kan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131na destek veren Uluslararas\u0131 Kan Grubu Referans Laboratuvar\u0131 bu yeni testi mevcut genotipleme platformlar\u0131na entegre etti. Bu ilerleme, <strong>kan nakillerinin g\u00fcvenli\u011fini ve etkinli\u011fini <\/strong>\u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde art\u0131rma potansiyeline sahip.<\/p>\n<figure> <span> <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/bilim-insanlari-yeni-kan-gurubu-kesfetti-mal-1-RDi4uZDs.jpg\"\/> <\/span> Bu ke\u015fif, AnWj antijenine sahip olmayan hastalar i\u00e7in daha iyi tedavi se\u00e7enekleri sa\u011flayacak. Bununla birlikte\u00a0<strong>MAL kan grubu sistemi<\/strong>, AnWj antijenini de i\u00e7eren<strong> 47. tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f kan grubu sistemi <\/strong>olarak kaydedildi. Ayr\u0131ca, ara\u015ft\u0131rma, AnWj negatif fenotipine yol a\u00e7an MAL genindeki homozigot delesyonlar\u0131 da ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Bu antijen, miyelin ve lenfosit proteinlerinde bulundu\u011fundan, yeni ke\u015ffedilen sistem MAL kan grubu olarak adland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. <\/figure>\n<p>Kan nakilleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda uyumsuz kan gruplar\u0131 kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ciddi komplikasyonlar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabiliyor. AnWj antijeni ta\u015f\u0131mayan bireylerin, yanl\u0131\u015f kan grubu almas\u0131 durumunda ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemleri ciddi tepkiler verebilir. MAL kan grubu sisteminin ke\u015ffi ile art\u0131k AnWj-negatif bireyler daha kolay tespit edilebilecek ve bu bireylerin kan nakillerinde uygun kan grubunu almalar\u0131 sa\u011flanacak.<\/p>\n<p>D\u00fcnya genelinde insanlar\u0131n %99.9\u2019u AnWj-pozitif, yani k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 kan h\u00fccrelerinde tam uzunlukta MAL proteini ta\u015f\u0131yor. Ancak bu proteine sahip olmayan AnWj-negatif bireyler \u00e7ok nadir bulunuyor. Yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmada yaln\u0131zca be\u015f genetik olarak AnWj-negatif birey tespit edildi. AnWj-negatif olman\u0131n en yayg\u0131n nedeninin ise hematolojik bir bozukluk ya da baz\u0131 kanser t\u00fcrleri nedeniyle antijen ifadesinin bask\u0131lanmas\u0131 oldu\u011fu belirtiliyor. Art\u0131k bu genetik belirte\u00e7ler tan\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re, hastalar\u0131n negatif MAL kan grubunun kal\u0131tsal olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 veya bask\u0131lanmaya m\u0131 ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011funu test etmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olacak.<\/p>\n\n<p>Kaynak\u00a0 :\u00a0<span style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 249, 236); color: rgb(55, 58, 60); font-size: 14px;\">https:\/\/www.donanimhaber.com\/bilim-insanlari-yeni-kan-gurubu-kesfetti-mal&#8211;182133<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u0131p d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda heyecan uyand\u0131ran bir geli\u015fmeyle, \u0130ngiltere Ulusal Sa\u011fl\u0131k Servisi (NHS) Kan ve Organ Nakli (NHSBT) ve Bristol \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, yeni bir kan grubu sistemi olan &#8220;MAL&#8221;i ke\u015ffetti. Bu bulu\u015f, 1972 y\u0131l\u0131nda ilk kez &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":96724,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[3271,6223,4450,6222],"class_list":["post-96723","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-teknoloji","tag-kan","tag-kan-grubu","tag-mal","tag-negatif"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/96723","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=96723"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/96723\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":96727,"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/96723\/revisions\/96727"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/96724"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=96723"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=96723"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kamucalisani.net\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=96723"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}